Examining the ways in which the contemporary landscape is shaped by a preoccupation with fear, this volume looks at home design, security systems, gated communications, semi-public spaces, zoning regulations and cyberspace. The text asserts that this fixation also manifests itself in efforts to provide public parks but control the problem of homelessness. The essayists in this volume seek to explain that such disjointed efforts exacerbate rather than eradicate the sources of fear and insecurity. The contributors offer suggestions for proaction, not reaction, to counter both real and perceived problems in contemporary society.
Author by: Nan Ellin Language: en Publisher by: Princeton Architectural Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 51 Total Download: 181 File Size: 53,8 Mb Description: Examining the ways in which the contemporary landscape is shaped by a preoccupation with fear, this volume looks at home design, security systems, gated communications, semi-public spaces, zoning regulations and cyberspace. The text asserts that this fixation also manifests itself in efforts to provide public parks but control the problem of homelessness.
Author by: Joscha Bach Language: en Publisher by: Oxford University Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 58 Total Download: 434 File Size: 48,7 Mb Description: From the Foreword: 'In this book Joscha Bach introduces Dietrich Dorner's PSI architecture and Joscha's implementation of the MicroPSI architecture. These architectures and their implementation have several lessons for other architectures and models. Most notably, the PSI architecture includes drives and thus directly addresses questions of emotional behavior. An architecture including drives helps clarify how emotions could arise. It also changes the way that the architecture works on a fundamental level, providing an architecture more suited for behaving autonomously in a simulated world.
PSI includes three types of drives, physiological (e.g., hunger), social (i.e., affiliation needs), and cognitive (i.e., reduction of uncertainty and expression of competency). These drives routinely influence goal formation and knowledge selection and application. The resulting architecture generates new kinds of behaviors, including context dependent memories, socially motivated behavior, and internally motivated task switching.
This architecture illustrates how emotions and physical drives can be included in an embodied cognitive architecture. The PSI architecture, while including perceptual, motor, learning, and cognitive processing components, also includes several novel knowledge representations: temporal structures, spatial memories, and several new information processing mechanisms and behaviors, including progress through types of knowledge sources when problem solving (the Rasmussen ladder), and knowledge-based hierarchical active vision. These mechanisms and representations suggest ways for making other architectures more realistic, more accurate, and easier to use.
The architecture is demonstrated in the Island simulated environment. While it may look like a simple game, it was carefully designed to allow multiple tasks to be pursued and provides ways to satisfy the multiple drives. It would be useful in its own right for developing other architectures interested in multi-tasking, long-term learning, social interaction, embodied architectures, and related aspects of behavior that arise in a complex but tractable real-time environment. The resulting models are not presented as validated cognitive models, but as theoretical explorations in the space of architectures for generating behavior. The sweep of the architecture can thus be larger-it presents a new cognitive architecture attempting to provide a unified theory of cognition. It attempts to cover perhaps the largest number of phenomena to date.
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This is not a typical cognitive modeling work, but one that I believe that we can learn much from.' Ritter, Series Editor Although computational models of cognition have become very popular, these models are relatively limited in their coverage of cognition- they usually only emphasize problem solving and reasoning, or treat perception and motivation as isolated modules. The first architecture to cover cognition more broadly is PSI theory, developed by Dietrich Dorner. By integrating motivation and emotion with perception and reasoning, and including grounded neuro-symbolic representations, PSI contributes significantly to an integrated understanding of the mind.
It provides a conceptual framework that highlights the relationships between perception and memory, language and mental representation, reasoning and motivation, emotion and cognition, autonomy and social behavior. Abbyy finereader 12 serial number cracks. It is, however, unfortunate that PSI's origin in psychology, its methodology, and its lack of documentation have limited its impact. The proposed book adapts Psi theory to cognitive science and artificial intelligence, by elucidating both its theoretical and technical frameworks, and clarifying its contribution to how we have come to understand cognition. Author by: Francesca Hughes Language: en Publisher by: MIT Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 9 Total Download: 412 File Size: 45,5 Mb Description: When architects draw even brick walls to six decimal places with software designed to cut lenses, it is clear that the logic that once organized relations between precision and material error in construction has unraveled. Precision, already a promiscuous term, seems now to have been uncoupled from its contract with truthfulness.
Meanwhile error, and the always-political space of its dissent, has reconfigured itself. In The Architecture of Error Francesca Hughes argues that behind the architect's acute fetishization of redundant precision lies a special fear of physical error. What if we were to consider the pivotal cultural and technological transformations of modernism to have been driven not so much by the causes its narratives declare, she asks, as by an unspoken horror of loss of control over error, material life, and everything that matter stands for? Hughes traces the rising intolerance of material vagaries - from the removal of ornament to digitalized fabrication - that produced the blind rejection of organic materials, the proliferation of material testing, and the rhetorical obstacles that blighted cybernetics.
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Why is it, she asks, that the more we cornered physical error, the more we feared it? Hughes's analysis of redundant precision exposes an architecture of fear whose politics must be called into question. Proposing error as a new category for architectural thought, Hughes draws on other disciplines and practices that have interrogated precision and failure, citing the work of scientists Nancy Cartwright and Evelyn Fox Keller and visual artists Gordon Matta-Clark, Barbara Hepworth, Rachel Whiteread, and others.
These non-architect practitioners, she argues, show that error need not be excluded and precision can be made accountable. Author by: Paul Virilio Language: en Publisher by: MIT Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 59 Total Download: 257 File Size: 48,6 Mb Description: We are living under the administration of fear: fear has become an environment, an everyday landscape. There was a time when wars, famines, and epidemics were localized and limited by a certain timeframe. Today, it is the world itself that is limited, saturated, and manipulated, the world itself that seizes us and confines us with a stressful claustrophobia. Stock-market crises, undifferentiated terrorism, lightning pandemics, 'professional' suicides.
Fear has become the world we live in. The administration of fear also means that states are tempted to create policies for the orchestration and management of fear. Globalization has progressively eaten away at the traditional prerogatives of states (most notably of the welfare state), and states have to convince citizens that they can ensure their physical safety. In this new and lengthy interview, Paul Virilio shows us how the 'propaganda of progress,' the illuminism of new technologies, provide unexpected vectors for fear in the way that they manufacture frenzy and stupor.
Architecture Of Fear Nan Ellin Pdf
For Virilio, the economic catastrophe of 2007 was not the death knell of capitalism, as some have claimed, but just further evidence that capitalism has accelerated into turbo-capitalism, and is accelerating still. With every natural disaster, health scare, and malicious rumor now comes the inevitable 'information bomb'-live feeds take over real space, and technology connects life to the immediacy of terror, the ultimate expression of speed. With the nuclear dissuasion of the Cold War behind us, we are faced with a new form of civil dissuasion: a state of fear that allows for the suspension of controversial social situations. Author by: R. Michael Fisher Language: en Publisher by: University Press of America Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 24 Total Download: 473 File Size: 55,8 Mb Description: This book addresses the human fear problem by summarizing the teachings on fearlessness from around the world and throughout history and utilizing critical integral theory to categorize the developmental and evolutionary spectrum of fear management systems. An educational healing vision is offered to address challenges of a dangerous 21st century.
Author by: Steve Goodman Language: en Publisher by: MIT Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 22 Total Download: 193 File Size: 43,5 Mb Description: Sound can be deployed to produce discomfort, express a threat, or create an ambience of fear or dread-to produce a bad vibe. Sonic weapons of this sort include the 'psychoacoustic correction' aimed at Panama strongman Manuel Noriega by the U.S. Army and at the Branch Davidians in Waco by the FBI, sonic booms (or 'sound bombs') over the Gaza Strip, and high-frequency rat repellants used against teenagers in malls. At the same time, artists and musicians generate intense frequencies in the search for new aesthetic experiences and new ways of mobilizing bodies in rhythm.
In Sonic Warfare, Steve Goodman explores these uses of acoustic force and how they affect populations. Traversing philosophy, science, fiction, aesthetics, and popular culture, he maps a (dis)continuum of vibrational force, encompassing police and military research into acoustic means of crowd control, the corporate deployment of sonic branding, and the intense sonic encounters of sound art and music culture. Goodman concludes with speculations on the not yet heard-the concept of unsound, which relates to both the peripheries of auditory perception and the unactualized nexus of rhythms and frequencies within audible bandwidths. Author by: Liz Bondi Language: en Publisher by: Rowman & Littlefield Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 41 Total Download: 420 File Size: 40,6 Mb Description: Research about people always makes assumptions about the nature of humans as subjects. This collaboration by a group of feminist researchers looks at subjectivity in relation to researchers, the researched, and audiences, as well as at the connections between subjectivity and knowledge.
The authors argue that subjectivity is spatialized in embodied, multiple, and fractured ways, challenging the dominant notions of the rational, 'bounded' subject. A highly original contribution to feminist geography, this book is equally relevant to social science debates about using qualitative methodologies and to ongoing discussions on the ethics of social research. Author by: Nancy Lusignan Schultz Language: en Publisher by: Purdue University Press Format Available: PDF, ePub, Mobi Total Read: 88 Total Download: 583 File Size: 54,6 Mb Description: This collection contains twenty-seven new essays on American paranoia drawn from a range of disciplines, including American studies, film studies, history, literature, religious studies, and sociology. It’s arranged by topic and largely in chronological order, explore manifestations of fear throughout the history of the United States. Approaching the topic from a variety of perspectives and methodologies, contributors to the collection explore theoretical constructions of fear, religious intolerance in early American culture, racial discrimination, literary expressions of paranoia, and Cold War anxieties, as well as phobias of the modern age and about the future. Together, these essays cover topics from nearly every period of U.S. History, offering a remarkable picture of the 'nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror' that Roosevelt discerned as such a paralyzing threat on the eve of the Second World War, and which continues to haunt American culture even as we shape our perceptions of the future.
'Integral Urbanism' is an ambitious and forward-looking theory of urbanism intended for planners and architects looking for new models to improve the quality of urban life. The model that Ellin proposes stands as an antidote to the problems engendered by modern and postmodern urban planning and architecture: sprawl, anomie, a pervasive culture (and architecture) of fear in cities, and a disregard for environmental issues. Moving away from the escapist and reactive tendencies of modern and postmodern planning, Ellin champions an 'integral' approach, arguing that we should work towards the re-integration of urban milieus that planners and architects typically conceive of as being separate from each other. Hers is a fundamentally ecological approach, looking at places as parts of larger settings and environments. In designing cities, planners and architects need to consider what surrounds the site in order to see that the barriers between spaces are, in reality, porous.
Then we can re-conceptualize how we design urban space, integrating seemingly incongruous small sites as well as larger regions.' -Publisher description.